Table 4 Age-standardized rate (95% UI) of YLLs with percentage changes between 1990 and 2010, 2010 and 2021, and 1990 and 2021 for the leading causes of diseases, disabilities, and injuries in Yemen
From: Health dynamics in war-torn Yemen: insights from 32 years of epidemiological data (1990–2021)
Diseases, disabilities, and injuries | YLLs rank | YYLs per 100,000 populations (95%UI) | Age-standardized percentage change in YLLs (95%UI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2010 | 2021 | 1990 | 2010 | 2021 | 1990–2010 | 2010–2021 | 1990–2021 | |
Ischemic heart disease | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7066.2 (5381.5-9076.6) | 5355.8 (4069.4-7187.4) | 5383.0 (4046.2-7037.2) | -24.2% (-24.3 to -20.8) | 0.5% (-2.0 to 0.5) | -23.8% (-24.8 to -22.4) |
COVID-19* | 139 | 137 | 2 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 4507.2 (1960.6–7027.0) | 0% (0 to 0) | 0% (0 to 0) | 0% (0 to 0) |
Stroke | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4726.9 (3661.8-6020.8) | 3266.0 (2499.0-4366.2) | 3198.7 (2364.9-4289.6) | -30.9% (-31.7 to -27.4) | -2.0% (-5.3 to -1.7) | -32.3% (-35.4 to -28.7) |
Conflict and terrorism* | 138 | 39 | 4 | 0 (0–0) | 120.5 (108.3–134.0) | 3175.9 (2888.2-3492.5) | 0% (0 to 0) | 2535.2% (2505.4 to 2566.3) | 0% (0 to 0) |
Neonatal disorders | 2 | 2 | 5 | 6535.3 (5423.1-7899.1) | 4358.6 (3610.3-5258.3) | 3088.0 (2498.8-3866.1) | -33.3% (-33.4 to -33.4) | -29.1% (-30.7 to -26.4) | -52.7% (-53.9 to -51.0) |
Road injuries | 7 | 5 | 6 | 3547.5 (2297.3-4725.8) | 2399.7 (1804.0-3049.5) | 1971.4 (1387.3-2618.7) | -32.3% (-35.4 to -21.4) | -17.8% (-23.0 to -14.1) | -44.4% (-44.5 to -39.6) |
Congenital birth defects | 6 | 4 | 7 | 4137.3 (1415.3-5727.4) | 2612.1 (1554.6-3426.2) | 1957.5 (1333.9-2556.9) | -36.8% (-40.1 to 9.8) | -25.0% (-25.3 to -14.1) | -52.6% (-55.3 to -5.7) |
Malaria | 8 | 7 | 8 | 2771.5 (808.0-6639.0) | 1438.8 (543.3-2907.5) | 1611.2 (289.6-3851.3) | -48.0% (-56.2 to -32.7) | 11.9% (-46.6 to 32.4) | -41.8% (-64.1 to -41.9) |
Hypertensive heart disease | 10 | 8 | 9 | 1514.9 (887.4-2173.6) | 1160.7 (672.0-1807.5) | 1186.8 (680.5-2016.4) | -23.3% (-24.2 to -16.8) | 2.2% (1.2 to 11.5) | -21.6% (-23.3 to -7.2) |
Lower respiratory infections | 5 | 6 | 10 | 4151.5 (3259.9-5646.2) | 1687.8 (1321.8-2085.8) | 998.4 (748.1-1320.8) | -59.3% (-63.0 to -59.4) | -40.8% (-43.4 to -36.6) | -75.9% (-77.0 to -76.6) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 15 | 12 | 11 | 755.5 (402.4–1049.0) | 603.3 (408.2-790.7) | 581.0 (418.4-746.8) | -20.1% (-24.6 to 1.4) | -3.6% (-5.5 to 2.4) | -23.0% (-28.8 to 3.9) |
Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases | 12 | 10 | 12 | 1032.6 (631.1-1826.2) | 649.9 (445.0-969.2) | 560.2 (384.6-777.4) | -37.0% (-46.9 to -29.4) | -13.8% (-19.7 to -13.8) | -45.7% (-57.4 to -39.0) |
Stomach cancer | 17 | 13 | 13 | 629.4 (337.8-866.6) | 483.1 (233.0-677.5) | 460.2 (199.1-653.8) | -23.2% (-31.0 to -21.8) | -4.7% (-14.5 to -3.4) | -26.8% (-41.0 to -24.5) |
Chronic kidney disease | 21 | 14 | 14 | 443.9 (293.1-842.2) | 398.3 (274.4-693.9) | 431.8 (292.8-753.5) | -10.2% (-17.6 to -6.3) | 8.4% (6.6 to 8.6) | -2.7% (-10.5 to -0.1) |
Maternal disorders | 11 | 11 | 15 | 1508.1 (957.6-2131.8) | 620.0 (356.3-976.7) | 338.4 (188.0-576.4) | -58.8% (-62.7 to -54.1) | -45.4% (-47.2 to -40.9) | -77.5% (-80.3 to -72.9) |
Diabetes mellitus | 27 | 19 | 16 | 291.5 (220.5-418.8) | 302.8 (225.8-439.5) | 332.0 (235.8-502.5) | 3.8% (2.4 to 4.9) | 9.6% (4.4 to 14.3) | 13.8% (6.9 to 19.9) |
Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias | 24 | 17 | 17 | 345.9 (80.9-954.9) | 328.7 (82.3-906.8) | 328.0 (76.5-938.2) | -4.9% (-5.0 to 1.7) | -0.2% (-6.9 to 3.4) | -5.1% (-5.3 to -1.6) |
Diarrheal diseases | 4 | 9 | 18 | 4703.1 (3113.3-6549.2) | 754.6 (396.1-1322.7) | 320.4 (132.1-585.3) | -83.9% (-87.2 to -79.8) | -57.5% (-66.6 to -55.7) | -93.1% (-95.7 to -91.0) |
Asthma | 16 | 15 | 19 | 651.0 (403.1-937.3) | 357.9 (253.9-508.8) | 305.3 (214.4-441.2) | -45.0% (-52.9 to -37.0) | -14.6% (-15.5 to -13.1) | -53.0% (-53.9 to -46.8) |
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer | 35 | 21 | 20 | 240.8 (141.6-416.9) | 251.6 (172.5-379.8) | 244.5 (147.5-389.6) | 4.4% (-8.9 to 21.7) | -2.8% (-14.4 to 2.5) | 1.5% (-6.5 to 4.1) |
Self-harm | 29 | 23 | 22 | 266.9 (124.0-389.4) | 235.2 (127.3–326.0) | 212.8 (97.8-324.6) | -11.9% (-16.2 to 2.6) | -9.5% (-23.1 to -0.4) | -20.2% (-21.1 to -16.6) |
Leukemia | 34 | 27 | 23 | 246.0 (151.5-350.8) | 217.3 (130.4-311.7) | 200.2 (110.7–293.0) | -11.6% (-13.9 to -11.1) | -7.8% (-15.1 to -5.9) | -18.6% (-26.9 to -16.2) |
Falls | 28 | 25 | 24 | 276.8 (180.8-400.4) | 227.5 (170.2-299.4) | 194.5 (148.2-249.8) | -17.7% (-25.2 to -5.8) | -14.5% (-16.5 to -12.9) | -29.7% (-37.6 to -18.0) |
Fire, heat, and hot substances | 20 | 22 | 25 | 468.9 (183.9-699.4) | 236.3 (113.0-330.8) | 188.4 (93.7-282.2) | -49.5% (-52.7 to -38.5) | -20.2% (-27.0 to -14.6) | -59.8% (-59.8 to -49.0) |
Protein-energy malnutrition | 14 | 16 | 26 | 767.2 (495.3-1157.8) | 346.2 (228.5-504.9) | 188.3 (120.7-266.7) | -54.8% (-56.3 to -53.8) | -45.6% (-47.1 to -45.1) | -75.4% (-76.9 to -75.1) |